In this article, we will explore a range of practice questions related to societal impacts, with solutions that will help you better understand the concepts and prepare for your exams. For students of Class 12 CBSE Board studying Information Practices, this is a crucial area of study. From intellectual property rights to cybercrime and internet addiction, these questions cover a range of topics that are essential for students of information practices. So, let’s dive in and explore the societal impacts of technology together!
Question : What is Digital Footprints?
Answer : Digital footprints refer to the traces or records that individuals leave behind while using digital devices and the internet. These footprints can include data and information about a person’s online activities, such as their search history, social media posts, emails, online purchases, and more.
Digital footprints can be either passive or active. Passive digital footprints are created without the user’s conscious effort, such as the data collected by websites, search engines, and social media platforms. Active digital footprints, on the other hand, are created intentionally by users when they post content, leave comments, or engage in online discussions.
Question : What is netiquette? Write any two rules of netiquettes.
Answer : Netiquette is a set of guidelines or rules for online behavior that promote respectful and appropriate communication and interaction on the internet. The term “netiquette” is a combination of “net” (short for internet) and “etiquette”.
Here are two basic rules of netiquette:
- Do not post copyrighted material to which you do not own the rights. It is also called Plagiarism .
- Respect others’ privacy and opinions: Just like in real life, it is important to respect others’ privacy and opinions when interacting online. Avoid sharing personal information about others without their consent, and avoid attacking or insulting others based on their opinions or beliefs.
Question : What is Intellectual Property Rights?
Answer : Intellectual property rights (IPR) are legal rights that protect creations of the mind or intellect, such as inventions, literary and artistic works, symbols, names, and designs. These rights give the creators or owners of the intellectual property the exclusive right to use, sell, or license their creations, and to prevent others from using, selling, or licensing them without permission.
IPR are a form of property rights that can be owned, sold, or licensed, just like tangible property such as land or buildings. The purpose of IPR is to encourage and reward innovation and creativity by providing legal protection for the intellectual property of individuals and businesses.
There are several types of IPR, including:
- Patents: Protect inventions and discoveries, such as new technologies or products, for a limited period of time.
- Copyrights: Protect original works of authorship, such as books, music, movies, and software, for a limited period of time.
- Trademarks: Protect symbols, names, and other marks used to distinguish goods and services from those of other companies.
- Trade secrets: Protect confidential information, such as formulas, processes, or designs, that give a company a competitive advantage.
Question : What is Plagiarism?
Answer : Plagiarism is the act of using someone else’s work, ideas, or words without giving proper credit or attribution. Plagiarism can take many forms, including copying and pasting text from a source without citation, paraphrasing someone else’s work without giving credit, presenting someone else’s work as one’s own, or using someone else’s ideas without acknowledgement.
Plagiarism is a serious academic and ethical offense, and can have consequences such as loss of credibility, disciplinary action, and legal penalties. It is considered a breach of academic integrity and honesty, and is widely regarded as a form of cheating.
Question : What is the difference between copyleft and copyright?
Answer : The main difference between copyleft and copyright is their approach to intellectual property rights. Copyright is a legal concept that grants exclusive rights to creators or owners of original works, such as books, music, and software, to use, reproduce, and distribute their works. This means that others must obtain permission or a license from the copyright holder in order to use or distribute their work.
Copyleft, on the other hand, is a licensing approach that allows creators or users of original works to share, modify, and distribute their work freely, while ensuring that these freedoms are maintained for future users. Copyleft licenses are often used for software and other digital works, and require that any modifications or adaptations made to the work be distributed under the same license terms.
Question : What is Cyber Crime?
Answer : Cybercrime is a type of criminal activity that involves the use of technology, such as computers, the internet, and mobile devices, to commit illegal acts or to target individuals or organizations for financial gain, theft of sensitive information, harassment, or other malicious purposes. Cybercrime can take many forms, including hacking, phishing, identity theft, malware and ransomware attacks, online fraud, cyberbullying, and cyberstalking.
Question : What is Phishing?
Answer : Phishing is a type of cyber attack that involves the use of fraudulent emails, websites, or other forms of electronic communication to trick individuals into revealing sensitive information, such as passwords, usernames, credit card numbers, or social security numbers. Phishing attacks are typically designed to look like legitimate requests or messages from trusted sources, such as banks, social media platforms, or online retailers.
Phishing attacks often use tactics such as creating fake login pages or websites that look identical to legitimate ones, or sending emails that appear to be from trusted sources but contain links or attachments that install malware on the user’s computer. Once the attacker has obtained sensitive information, they can use it for a variety of purposes, including identity theft, financial fraud, or other forms of cybercrime.
Question : What is Cyber stalking?
Answer : Cyberstalking is a type of online harassment that involves the use of electronic communications, such as email, social media, or instant messaging, to repeatedly harass, threaten, or intimidate an individual. Cyberstalking can take many forms, including sending unwanted messages or emails, making threats, spreading rumors or false information, posting personal or private information online, and monitoring or tracking someone’s online activity.
Question : Difference between Worms and Trojan Horses?
Answer : Worms and Trojan horses are both types of malware that can infect computers and cause damage or steal sensitive information. Worms are self-replicating programs that can spread from one computer to another without any user interaction. They can exploit vulnerabilities in operating systems or applications to spread, and can cause widespread damage to networks and systems. In contrast, Trojan horses require user interaction to infect a system, typically by tricking the user into downloading and installing a malicious program.
Question : What is the difference between Spyware and Adware?
Answer : Spyware and adware are both types of malicious software (malware) that can infect computers and cause problems, but they have different purposes and characteristics.
Spyware:
- Spyware is designed to monitor and collect data from a user’s computer without their knowledge or consent.
- It is often used for malicious purposes, such as stealing personal information, tracking internet activity, or displaying unwanted advertisements.
- Spyware can be difficult to detect and remove, as it often operates in the background without the user’s knowledge.
Adware:
- Adware is designed to display unwanted advertisements on a user’s computer.
- It is often bundled with legitimate software programs or downloaded from websites without the user’s knowledge.
- Adware can slow down a computer’s performance and may be difficult to remove.
Question : What is Eavesdropping?
Answer : Eavesdropping is the act of secretly listening in on a private conversation or communication without the consent of the parties involved. This can be done in person by physically being within earshot of a conversation, or through the use of electronic devices to intercept and monitor communication over phone lines, internet connections, or other forms of digital communication.
